Numerical aspects of Thomson and Troian boundary conditions in a Tiwari–Das nanofluid model with homogeneous–heterogeneous reactions

Abstract

The purpose of this investigation is to examine the effects of homogeneous–heterogeneous (HH) reactions and mixed convection on the flow of an electrically conducting nanofluid through the model given by Tiwari and Das (TD). The flow is over a shrinking/stretching surface close to a stagnation point along with Thomson and Troian boundary conditions. The characteristics of heat flow are also considered. Two different nanoparticles, for example, alumina and copper () with water (), are considered. The governing partial differential equations are transformed to ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by utilizing similarity variables. The converted ODEs are solved by applying a shooting technique. The impact of pertinent physical parameters on velocity, temperature, concentration, the skin friction coefficient as well as the local Nusselt number are represented graphically. From the present study, we deduced that the variation in the velocity profiles in the absence of a magnetic field is more visible for nanofluid than the variation with a magnetic field. However, nanofluid shows dissimilar behavior. A comparison between partial slip and generalized slip boundary conditions reveals that because of generalized slip boundary conditions there is a prominent change in the velocity profiles for both types of fluids. The presence of nanoparticles in the fluid enhances the values of the Nusselt number. The concentration profiles are considerably influenced by HH reactions for both and nanofluids.