Numerical appraisal of time-dependent peristaltic duct flow using Casson fluid

Abstract

Interruption of continuous process and decreasing flow rate over time are very common challenges in peristaltic flow. This research takes an initiative to restrain the thermal and fluid flow rate over time by unsteady finite element analysis of Casson fluid flow through a two-dimensional peristaltic duct. The time-dependent flow equation exists in conjugate forced convection and the energy equation consists of radiative heat flux and entropy reduction. The top and bottom walls of the peristaltic duct are considered as contact with air. A circular bolus is set up in the middle of the duct. Four types of Casson fluids like slurry, silicone oil, apple juice, and blood are used as working fluids. The finite element method of Galerkin's residual technique is applied to solve the leading second ordered non-linear partial differential equations with proper border conditions. The effects of pertinent parameters on entropy reduction and thermal transport are analyzed. Results are displayed qualitatively in terms of streamlines, vortex field, and heatline contours as well as quantitatively in the form of average temperature, mean thermal, viscous, and total entropy. The obtained numerical results show that thermal performance and entropy reduction are significantly influenced by forced convection, atmospheric characteristics, internal thermal radiation, and Casson fluids. Approximately 6.99% and 72.13% increment of temperature and flow irreversibility are found for shear stress variation of Casson fluid from thickening to thinning. Decreasing thermal performance of 18.71% and increasing energy loss of 38.07% are noticed within the variation of Casson fluids (slurry, silicone oil, apple juice, and blood). About 14.05% enhancement of thermal transport and 64.91% reduction of total entropy are observed due to increasing internal thermal radiation from 0.5 to 2. The numerical results from this research represent a better thermal and fluid flow rate over time compared to the experimental/existing methodology/numerical research. The obtained flow and thermal transport phenomena expose many attention-grabbing performances which deserve additional investigation on Casson fluid characteristics particularly the continuation of flow rate. A fine approach to the biological peristaltic system is offered by the results.