Abstract
The building industry is a major contributor of CO2 emission. Wood construction is a good option for carbon storage among various construction alternatives. Considering the growing market of multi-story wooden building in Sweden, CLT (cross laminated timber) structure with an alternative insulation composite with PIR insulation and MgO board was proposed. In order to prove the applicability of this construction for moisture safety, the hygrothermal performance of the wall was measured in real life at HSB Living Lab (Gothenburg, Sweden) throughout 2019. Furthermore, a numerical model to analyse its performance by transient heat and moisture transfer analysis was created to predict the performance of the wall system. After the successful validation of the numerical model, a parameter study was carried out to investigate the moisture risk of the wall system in the case of extensive wetting of the CLT panel and in various areas in Sweden (Gothenburg, Stockholm, Lund, Karlstad and Luleå). The study showed a low mould growth risk either in the test at the living lab or in the feasibility study. The development of the technology should further focus on the cost-effectiveness and design of all the construction details for the future market application.
Highlights
1.1 BackgroundThe building industry is a major contributor of the CO2 emission
A numerical model to analyse its performance by transient heat and moisture transfer analysis was created to predict the performance of the wall system
The project team designed the configuration of the wall assembly of CLT and PIR insulation composite and produced a full-size mock-up
Summary
The building industry is a major contributor of the CO2 emission. There is an increasing need to replace the conventional materials with renewable and carbonneutral materials. After the change of the fire regulation in 1994, the annual share of the wooden construction among the newly-built multi-story residential building has increased from 0% to more than 10%. CLT (cross laminated timber) is one of the emerging materials in the wood construction sector. As an alternative to achieve a simpler construction, the project team proposed the application of an insulation composite. It consists of two MgO (magnesium oxide) boards and PIR (polyisocyanurate) insulation in a sandwich structure. It is expected that the application of the PIC in the building envelope can contribute to the simplification of the processes and it is a valid concept for CLT structures as well. It was decided to refer to the requirement by BBR (Boverkets’s ByggRegler), where the following is stated: “if the material moisture level for a material is not well-researched and documented, a relative humidity (RH) of 75% shall be used as the critical moisture level” [2]
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