Abstract
The selective withdrawal of a linearly stratified fluid through a line sink at the base of a reservoir with a sill at the bed is investigated theoretically and experimentally. The nonlinear equations of motion are solved using a finite-difference technique in curvilinear coordinates in two dimensions. The evolution of selective withdrawal and the flow properties in the steady state are studied. Using the numerical results, an improvement is made to a previously proposed equation for the withdrawal-layer thickness upstream of a sill. Empirical equations are given for the critical Froude number and the density thickness. For comparison, experiments were conducted in a flume and particle image velocimetry technique was used to capture the flow field upstream of a sill during evolution of selective withdrawal. In general, good agreement is obtained between the numerical and experimental results. It is found that the presence of a sill causes the withdrawal layer to be thicker and to shift upward compared to the flat-bed case. The proposed equation for the withdrawal-layer thickness is verified experimentally.
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