Abstract
Liquid-containing structures are used for various municipal and industrial applications. The functionality of these structures in seismic regions is crucial. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the behavior of liquid under seismic excitations using numerical modelling. For this purpose, experimental and numerical studies are conducted. In the experimental tests, a ground-supported rectangular tank is excited on a shaking table. The tests are videotaped from two directions and subsequently analyzed frame-by-frame. Four different orientations are tested to investigate the effect of bilateral excitation. In the numerical simulations, the same tank is modeled in OpenFOAM—a computational fluid dynamics program—and the same excitations are applied. The results from the numerical and the experimental studies are compared, and reliability of the numerical model is discussed. Furthermore, using the numerical model, the pressure on the roof of the tank is obtained at various locations and examined for different excitations.
Highlights
Storage tanks are widely used to store various liquid types in the industry, food production, municipalities, transportation, chemical plants, etc
The serviceability of water reservoirs during and after an earthquake is important because of their importance in extinguishing fires caused by the earthquake [6] as well as for supplying drinking water to people suffering from the event
The results showed that API 650 and the Japanese code agree well in predicting the hydrodynamic hoop, while the New Zealand code shows a large difference
Summary
Storage tanks are widely used to store various liquid types in the industry, food production, municipalities, transportation, chemical plants, etc. Severe damage and economic losses have occurred due to the poor seismic performance of such structures. Examples include uncontrollable fires in petroleum tanks during the 1964 Niigata earthquake [1] and 2011 Tokohu earthquake [2] in Japan, major damage to water reservoirs during the 1960 Chilean earthquake [3], and the structural failure of tanks due to the 1992 Landers earthquake [4]. The serviceability of water reservoirs during and after an earthquake is important because of their importance in extinguishing fires caused by the earthquake [6] as well as for supplying drinking water to people suffering from the event.
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