Abstract
Ultrasonic guided waves (UGWs) have attracted attention in the nondestructive testing and structural health monitoring (SHM) of multi-wire cables. They offer such advantages as a single measurement, wide coverage of the acoustic field, and long-range propagation ability. However, the mechanical coupling of multi-wire structures complicates the propagation behaviors of guided waves and signal interpretation. In this paper, UGW propagation in these waveguides is investigated theoretically, numerically, and experimentally from the perspective of dispersion and wave structure, contact acoustic nonlinearity (CAN), and wave energy transfer. Although the performance of all possible propagating wave modes in a multi-wire cable at different frequencies could be obtained by dispersion analysis, it is ineffective to analyze the frequency behaviors of the wave signals of a certain mode, which could be analyzed using the CAN effect. The CAN phenomenon of two mechanically coupled wires in contact was observed, which was demonstrated by numerical guided wave simulation and experiments. Additionally, the measured guided wave energy of wires located in different layers of an aluminum conductor steel-reinforced cable accords with the theoretical prediction. The model of wave energy distribution in different layers of a cable also could be used to optimize the excitation power of transducers and determine the effective monitoring range of SHM.
Highlights
Multi-wire cables play an important role as the main structural components in such mechanical and civil engineering applications as load carriers in elevators, lifting machinery, and cable-stayed and suspension bridges; post-tensioners in civil structures; and as overhead transmission lines (OVTLs) in power grids
Aluminum conductor steel-reinforced (ACSR) cables are the main components of the OVTLs between the transmission towers
As for a Ultrasonic guided waves (UGWs) with a given mode and center excitation frequency propagating in a multi-wire structure, dispersion curves are incapable of predicting the change in frequency components of the wave signals due to the mechanical contact of adjacent wires
Summary
Multi-wire cables play an important role as the main structural components in such mechanical and civil engineering applications as load carriers in elevators, lifting machinery, and cable-stayed and suspension bridges; post-tensioners in civil structures; and as overhead transmission lines (OVTLs) in power grids. Ultrasonic guided wave (UGW)-based nondestructive testing (NDT) techniques are increasingly being used to inspect various multi-wire cables given their high sensitivity, long-range inspection, and full cross-sectional coverage properties. As for a UGW with a given mode and center excitation frequency propagating in a multi-wire structure, dispersion curves are incapable of predicting the change in frequency components of the wave signals due to the mechanical contact of adjacent wires. An efficient energy-based model of coupled cylindrical waveguides is used to predict the wave energy distribution in wires located in different layers of an ACSR cable, by which the uniformity of the cross-sectional distribution of the guided wave could be obtained. The proposed numerical simulation models were fit to the experimental data
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