Numerical and experimental analysis of battery thermal management of 21700 Nickel Manganese Cobalt lithium-ion battery

Abstract

High discharge rates in 21700 NMC Lithium-Ion Batteries (LIBs) leads to elevated temperatures, negatively impacting battery performance and longevity. This study examines the integration of phase change materials to address this issue. Phase change materials absorb heat through sensible and latent heat mechanisms, effectively reducing battery temperature. At discharge rates of 0.5 C, 1 C, and 1.5 C, phase change materials decreased battery temperature by 4.12 %, 7.32 %, and 8.16 %, respectively, ensuring optimal operating conditions. Incorporating phase change materials within battery modules minimizes cell spacing, leading to a smaller battery pack size and reduced costs. This compact design is achieved by exploiting phase change materials ability to store and release large amounts of heat while maintaining a nearly constant temperature. Furthermore, analyzing temperature variations across diverse surfaces within battery modules provides valuable insights for cooling technology development. The integration of Phase Change Materials effectively regulates temperatures, particularly under high discharge rates, offering significant implications for battery performance and longevity. This study highlights the potential of phase change materials in improving LIBs thermal management, which is crucial for electric vehicle applications and other high-power-demand scenarios. By addressing temperature-related challenges, phase change materials integration contribute to the advancement of more efficient, reliable, and safer LIBs.