Abstract
In large substations, many lightning rods are installed on multi-grounded frames. The lightning rods, the frame, the grounding grid and the soil form a whole body, and the lightning current will be discharged from many grounding points. In this paper, based on the partial element equivalent circuit method, a numerical model, in the time domain, is developed to simulate the lightning-caused electromagnetic transients on the frame and the grounding grid. The model is verified by field testing and by comparison with commercial software. The model has several features: (1) it has a simple time domain form; (2) it is stable due to a staggered arrangement of space and time variables and an implicit difference scheme used, and (3) the dimension of the equations is relatively small because the unknown variables are divided into several groups, which are calculated one by one. With this method, the transient characteristics of the grounding grid with lightning rods on the frame are calculated, and the factors affecting the results are analyzed. It can be seen that although the frame causes the ground potential rise in an evenly distributed manner, compared with the situation in which the lightning strikes an independent lightning rod, the ground potential decrease rate near the main grounding point is almost the same because most of the current still enters the soil from the grounding electrode closest to the lightning strike. Therefore, even if there is a frame, the nearby facilities should take the same protective measures as in the case of an independent lightning rod. The ground conductors near the grounding points of the frame should be dense enough to reduce the potential gradient. The equipment should be kept at least 10 m away from the grounding point for lightning.
Highlights
The grounding grid is an important component for lightning protection [1,2]
It is interesting to analyze the transient characteristics of the grounding grid with lightning current injected from multi-grounded frames
The transient characteristics of the grounding grid with lightning current injected from multi-grounded frames are analyzed
Summary
The grounding grid is an important component for lightning protection [1,2]. The transient performance of grounding system has been a hot topic for a long time [3,4,5]. It is interesting to analyze the transient characteristics of the grounding grid with lightning current injected from multi-grounded frames. In [9], the distribution of lightning current among interconnected grounding systems was calculated It considered the interaction between the conductors above ground and those underground, its research object was different from that of this article, and it used the frequency domain method. A time domain approach is developed based on the PEEC method. A staggered arrangement of space and time variables is introduced, for which the solution is very stable Using this method, the transient characteristics of the grounding grid with lightning current injected from multi-grounded frames are analyzed. The transient characteristics of the grounding grid with lightning rods on the frame are calculated. The main factors that affect the impulse grounding resistance and the ground potential distribution along the grounding grid are analyzed
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