Abstract
A numerical analysis has been performed for a three-dimensional turbulent flow developing in a 180°bent tube with straight inlet and outlet sections by three low-Reynolds-number turbulent models. The calculated results for three types of turbulent model are compared with available experimental data. The calculated results show comparatively good agreement with the experimental data of time-averaged velocity and fluctuating velocity, irrespective of the turbulent model adopted in this study. As a striking feature of the flow, it has been pointed out in the experiment of the 180°-bent tube that the cross-stream flow undergoes a second reversal in its direction of motion and is redirected toward the pipe inner radius. The three turbulent models predict well the occurrence of the cross-stream flow reversal in the bend. Moreover, these turbulent models predict well the velocity distribution near the wall in the bend. Judging from these comparisons with experimental data, turbulent flow of the bent tube is predicted well by low-Reynolds-number turbulent models and the difference among these turbulent models is negligible in the bent tube flow.
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