Abstract
Studies on hydrogen leakage have mainly focused on the influences of location and geometrical configuration on the distribution of the hydrogen in various spaces. The present study developed a simplified model for the leakage diffusion of hydrogen in an enclosed cuboid space with two vents, at the top and at the bottom, respectively. The effect of different leakage positions on the diffusion of the hydrogen was analyzed. The results showed that when hydrogen diffused vertically from the bottom to the top of the space, the farther the leakage position was from the vent on the side wall, the more hydrogen accumulated. When the hydrogen leaked in the vertical direction from the floor, the distance between the leakage position and the bottom vent had little effect on the horizontal diffusion speed of the hydrogen at the top of the space. The diffusion speed for the leakage in the horizontal direction was faster than that in the vertical direction. When the hydrogen leaked in the horizontal direction from the side wall, the height of the leakage had little effect on the horizontal diffusion speed of the hydrogen at the top of the space. Stratification occurred for models set up in the present study whenever the envelope of 1% mole fraction, or 4% mole fraction, of hydrogen extended to the whole ceiling.
Highlights
Hydrogen has been widely utilized as a clean energy resource, and the hydrogen fuel cell bus is one of the key applications of hydrogen energy in transportation [1,2,3]
In terms of the dispersion of hydrogen, the diffusion progress can be divided into two phases
The first phase: the hydrogen rises from the leakage position to the ceiling
Summary
Hydrogen has been widely utilized as a clean energy resource, and the hydrogen fuel cell bus is one of the key applications of hydrogen energy in transportation [1,2,3]. Safety issues become more important due to the rapid flame speed of hydrogen and its high diffusion speed in air. Since hydrogen can burn in the air when the volume fraction of hydrogen reaches 4%, factors such as ventilation, obstacles, green walls, and so on may significantly influence utilizations of hydrogen [4,5,6]. In reference to the ventilation method, the hydrogen fuel bus is generally simplified as a cuboid space with two vents at the top and the side wall, when investigating the concentration distribution of hydrogen with different ventilations [7,8]
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