Numerical analysis of ternary hybrid nanofluid flow over a stagnation region of stretching/shrinking curved surface with suction and Lorentz force

Abstract

In recent years, there has been a lot of interest in studying stagnation point flow. This is because stagnation point flow is used in many technological applications, such as cooling spinning machinery segments and nuclear reactors. This study analyzes the potential practical applications of the ternary (Cu-Fe3O4-SiO2/SA) hybrid nanofluid as it flows through a stagnation zone of a stretching or shrinking curved surface under the impact of suction and Lorentz force. To acquire numerical solutions, the governing PDEs are first altered into a system of ODEs and then entered into the MATHEMATICA program. We compare findings for validation purposes and illustrate the consequences of specific characteristics that will be planned for the physical quantities that are of interest. When magnetic field and suction are present, velocity improves, but the inverse is true for curvature and nanoparticle volume fraction for both stretching and shrinking surfaces. Temperature increases against nanoparticle volume fraction, magnetic field, and heat source/sink and decreases against suction and curvature parameters for both stretching and shrinking cases. When the values of the suction parameters were changed from 2.0 to 2.5, the heat transfer rates rose by an increase ranging from 34% to 39% may be determined. Improved velocity and temperature distributions may be attributed to the presence of ternary hybrid nanofluids. This research gives scientists and engineers a head start in adjusting the relevant parameters to get the best possible results in the associated practical applications.