Numerical analysis of photonic crystal fibre with high birefringence and high nonlinearity

Patrick Atsu Agbemabiese,Emmanuel Kofi Akowuah

doi:10.1515/joc-2020-0084

Abstract

Abstract A four-ring microstructure photonic crystal fibre with a descending air hole ring cladding is presented. Numerical analysis of the structure is done using full vectorial finite element method with perfectly matched layer (PML) boundary condition. It is demonstrated that it is possible to achieve at 1.55 µm confinement loss of 2.767 × 10−5 dB/m, birefringence of 0.00346 and a nonlinear co-efficient of 41.77 km−1 W−1. Also, chromatic dispersion realised suggests a tuneable zero dispersion at 0.9–1.1 µm wavelength range.

Highlights

Optical communication has promising advantages such as: immunity to electromagnetic interference, electrical isolation, remote sensing, multiplexing ability, corrosion free and it is able to work in extreme environmental conditions [1]
Advancement in fibre optics has seen the guidance of light on the principle of modified total internal reflection using a single glass with the refractive index between the core and the cladding achieved by the use of air holes in the cladding
The chromatic dispersion is calculated using the real part of the effective index given by [41]; where n is the refractive index of the silica, λ is the wavelength in μm, B1,2,3 and C1,2,3 are Sellmeier constant for silica material

Summary

Introduction

Optical communication has promising advantages such as: immunity to electromagnetic interference, electrical isolation, remote sensing, multiplexing ability, corrosion free and it is able to work in extreme environmental conditions [1]. Conventional fibres were the first fibres to be introduced to the market with its limited bandwidth issues. Advancement in fibre optics has seen the guidance of light on the principle of modified total internal reflection using a single glass with the refractive index between the core and the cladding achieved by the use of air holes in the cladding. PCFs can be grouped into two; effective index guidance and band gap guidance. Effective index guidance is implemented with a solid core and air hole cladding. Band gap has a hollow core and air hole cladding. Band gap has a small refractive index contrast between the hollow

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