Numerical analysis of Magnetohydrodynamic convection heat flow in an enclosure

Abstract

This article investigates the modeling and numerical simulation of Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) buoyancy-driven convection flow in a differentially heated, square enclosure. Left vertical side is given a high temperature and the right vertical side is sustained at a low temperature. Horizontal sides of the enclosure are insulated. A constant magnetic field is presumed horizontally. Findings of the governing differential equations are explored numerically considering the impact of Magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD). Problem is deciphered by Galerkin finite element approach in COMSOL Multiphysics. Numerical solutions are computed for different values of Rayleigh number ranging 103≤Ra≤107 and Hartmann number ranging 0≤Ha≤40. Rate of heat that passes from the heated side is affected by increasing Rayleigh and Hartmann numbers. Comportment of MHD free convection heat flow from transient to steady state is numerically examined for a period of 0 to 1 s. The numerical solutions are discussed in respect of streamlines, iso-contours, and isotherms. In addition, physical quantities such as velocity and Nusselt number are studied. It is seen that with increasing values of Rayleigh number there is increase in local Nusselt number distribution on heated side of the cavity. Velocity distribution in the flow domain decreases in variations with increasing Hartmann number.