Numerical analysis of heat and mass transfer for forced convection radially magnetized Williamson nanofluid over a curved stretching surface

Abstract

Present communication investigates the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) bioconvection Williamson nanofluid with mass and thermal characteristics caused by the swimming of gyrotactic microorganisms subjected to a radially magnetic field and thermal radiation through a curved stretching surface. To emphasize the significance of thermal engineering processes, this novel mathematical model is designed to simulate the transportation of energy through the boundary layer flow of non-Newtonian nanofluid, taking into account the influences of thermophoresis, the density of motile microbes, and Brownian motion. Based on these assumptions, the fundamental governing equations are initially modeled in terms of partial differential equations (P DEs) through boundary layer theory and then formulated into a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by utilizing similarity transformations. The numerical solution for the given nonlinear system, along with their respective boundary conditions, is computed using the BVP4c package in MAT LAB. To comprehensively evaluate the influence of various emerging parameters, results are discussed through graphs and tables for nanofluid’s temperature, concentration profile, local Sherwood number, skin fraction, axial velocity, heat transfer, and distribution of motile microorganisms. The nanofluid’s velocity experiences a decrease with the simultaneous increase of both curvature and magnetic parameters. As a primary finding, the motile microorganism profile exhibits a substantial increase concerning the curvature parameter. Similarly, the nanofluid parameters, including thermophoresis and Brownian motion, along with the radiation parameter, enhance the temperature of the nanofluid.