Abstract
The performance of lithium-ion batteries used in electric vehicles (EVs) is greatly affected by temperature. Hence, an efficient battery thermal management system (BTMS) is needed to ensure the safety of batteries and prolong the cycle life. In order to find a more efficient type of cooling plate for the rectangular batteries, the three-dimensional models of four common cooling plates with different internal structures are established. After a series of computational fluid dynamic simulations and comparisons, the most optimum structure of the cooling plate is obtained. Subsequently, the effect of different mass flow rates is investigated among the different cooling plates. It indicates that the cooling plate with convex structure has a better cooling performance than the other three, and the heat transfer performance of various cooling plates changes a lot with the increasing of mass flow rate. The convex structured cooling plate could be applied for optimizing the performance for electric vehicles.
Highlights
With the rapid development of electric vehicles (EVs), the technical requirements of lithium-ion batteries are constantly increasing (Ren 2018)
The results show that the optimal mass flow rate should be 0.0008 kg s−1 and the transition point should be 308.15 K
The heat exchange capacities of several cooling plates were basically the same, but the temperature uniformity of the honeycomb structure was the worst and the cooling capacity of the cooling plate was greatly affected by the flow rate
Summary
With the rapid development of electric vehicles (EVs), the technical requirements of lithium-ion batteries are constantly increasing (Ren 2018). At very high or low temperatures, the capacity of a lithium-ion battery decreases greatly with increasing cycle times. The rate 1C means that fully charging or discharging a battery requires 1 h, while 2C means only 0.5 h is needed to complete it. It has a negative impact on battery endurance, but a long time at a high temperature is more likely to threaten our personal safety. Reports of electric vehicle fire due to excessive battery temperature have been common occurrences. This has aroused widespread concern about the safety of electric vehicles (Situ et al 2017)
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