Numerical analysis of convective transport mechanisms in two-layer ternary (TiO 2 − SiO 2 − Al 2 O 3) Casson hybrid nanofluid flow in a vertical channel with heat generation effects

Abstract

In this article, we investigate the flow dynamics and convective transport of nanofluid and ternary hybrid nanofluid in a two-layer vertical channel. Employing a Casson model with blood as the base fluid in both layers, the first layer incorporates nanofluid while the second layer comprises ternary hybrid nanofluid Laminar, incompressible flow with extra viscous dissipation effects is included in the formulation of this problem. The velocity and temperature are assumed to be continuous at the interface. The governing equations are converted into non-dimensional equations by using variables in the dimensionless form. The effective method known as homotopy analysis method (HAM) scheme is used to deal with the mathematical formulations. The behavior of velocity and temperature profile is sketched for various physical parameters and Nusselt number variations are tabulated. The results reveal that increasing the value of Eckert number raises the temperature. Temperature rises as and – – nanoparticles volume percentage rises. Nusselt number increases as Eckert number and Prandtl number increases while decreases as Casson parameters increase at the right wall. Rising values of and exhibit dissimilar behavior in the velocity profile. This study could be useful for medical purposes, like making better ways to deliver medicine through our blood vessels to treat cardiovascular diseases.