Abstract
Ocean acoustic tomography (OAT) using sound propagation times in the ocean is a useful observation system to determine the actual temperature of water. OAT needs an adequate numerical method of sound propagation to obtain the prior information about the ocean. We reported about the wide-angle parabolic equation (PE) calculation method for long-range propagation. However, if the ridges on a seabed exist near the SOund Fixing And Ranging (SOFAR) axis, it blocks sound pulses passing near the SOFAR axis. Sound pulses are reflected not only in the vertical direction such as sea surface, but also in the horizontal direction because of ridges of seabed. Two-dimensional (2-D) analysis of the sound pressure distribution many have a slight error behind ridges or islands. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the sound propagation characteristics using the three-dimensional parabolic equation (3-DPE) calculation method but the 2-DPE calculation method. We obtained accurate results for sound pressure distribution on the SOFAR axis using 3-DPE calculation method, when the sound pulse was blocked by the seabed. The calculation results of underwater characteristics by 3-DPE calculation were compared with those of the 2-DPE calculation method.
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