Numbers and Mortality Risk of Hypertensive Patients with or without Elevated Body Mass Index in China.

Xiaoqin Luo,Tao Chen,Zhangya He,Shanshan Wang,Hexiang Yang,Chao Li

doi:10.3390/ijerph19010116

Abstract

Objective: Our study aimed to estimate the number of hypertension patients with or without elevated body mass index (BMI), and assess their mortality risk. Methods: We used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) to estimate the population of hypertensive patients with or without elevated BMI. The mortality risk of hypertension with elevated BMI was estimated by using the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) data. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: In total, 23.02% of adults, representing 117.74 (95% CI: 108.79, 126.69) million, had both high BMI and hypertension. Among them, 38.53 (95% CI: 35.50, 41.56) million were recommended to initiate antihypertensive medication but did not take it. Moreover, there were 38.40 (95% CI: 35.50, 41.56) million hypertensive patients with elevated BMI who did not achieve the goal of blood pressure control. All-cause mortality and premature death mortality, especially for the elderly, were significantly and positively associated with the severity of the hypertensive condition (p for trend = 0.001). Conclusion: In China, there were a huge number of patients with hypertension and elevated BMI, and the treatment and control rates for them were low. The more severe the degree of hypertension, the higher risk of all-cause death and premature death in these patients.

Highlights

Hypertension, known as high blood pressure, despite the current differences in diagnostic criteria for hypertension worldwide, is still a severe disease that increases the risk of hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, sudden death, heart failure, etc., and even cognitive decline and dementia [1,2,3]
We estimated that 103.16 million Chinese adults, with the percentage of 20.17%, were elevated body mass index (BMI) but not hypertension
The prevalence of hypertensive patients with elevated BMI was higher in the elderly and females, but the number was higher in the younger adults

Summary

Introduction

Hypertension, known as high blood pressure, despite the current differences in diagnostic criteria for hypertension worldwide, is still a severe disease that increases the risk of hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, sudden death, heart failure, etc., and even cognitive decline and dementia [1,2,3]. Organization (WHO), hypertension is the leading cause of premature death worldwide, and an estimated 1.28 billion adults aged 30–79 years have hypertension, with the majority (twothirds) living in low- and middle-income countries [4]. A recent study showed that the number of adults aged 30–79 with hypertension has increased from 650 million to. 1.28 billion in the last 30 years, with more than 700 million of them unaware that they have hypertension [5]. The correlation between hypertension and obesity has been noted worldwide as a significant public health concern.

Methods

Results

Conclusion