Abstract
BackgroundWomen with a higher number of pregnancies have a higher risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Subtle fluctuations in albumin excretion could be related to pathophysiologic changes in the vascular system. We aimed to investigate the possible association of parity with low-grade albuminuria.MethodsWe conducted a community-based study in 6495 women aged 40 years or older. Low-grade albuminuria was defined according to the highest quartile of urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio in participants free of micro- or macro-albuminuria.ResultsParous women with a higher number of pregnancies had increased age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and fasting insulin, as well as decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) levels, and proportion of menopause. The prevalence of low-grade albuminuria in parous women gradually increased with parity number. Compared with women with one childbirth, those with more than two childbirths were independently associated with a higher prevalent low-grade albuminuria (odds ratios [ORs] 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09–1.81) after multiple adjustments. In subgroup analysis after multiple adjustments, significant relation between parity number and prevalent low-grade albuminuria was detected in subjects age 55 years or older.ConclusionNumber of parity is associated with prevalent low-grade albuminuria in middle-aged and elderly Chinese women without micro- or macro-albuminuria.
Highlights
Women with a higher number of pregnancies have a higher risk of developing cardiovascular diseases
Recent findings from prospective studies have suggested that low-grade albuminuria (ACR
Pearson’ s correlation analyses revealed that age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), Diastolic blood pressure (DBP), TG, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting insulin, γGGT, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), menopause proportion, history of Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and education levels were significantly correlated with albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR)
Summary
Women with a higher number of pregnancies have a higher risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Subtle fluctuations in albumin excretion could be related to pathophysiologic changes in the vascular system. We aimed to investigate the possible association of parity with low-grade albuminuria. Pregnancy related cardiometabolic changes could influence the health of women in later life. It is reported that an increasing number of pregnancies is associated with risk of cardiovascular diseases in women [1, 2]. Albuminuria exceeding the upper limit is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease [9]. Recent findings from prospective studies have suggested that low-grade albuminuria (ACR
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