Abstract
Glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1), a phase-II enzyme, plays an important role in detoxification of carcinogen electrophiles. Many studies have investigated the association between GSTT1 polymorphism and esophageal cancer risk in Asian populations, but its actual impact is not clear owing to apparent inconsistencies among those studies. Thus, a meta-analysis was performed to explore the effect of GSTT1 polymorphism on the risk of developing esophageal cancer. A literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Wanfang databases up to August 2012 was conducted and 15 eligible papers were finally selected, involving a total of 1,626 esophageal cancer cases and 2,216 controls. We used the pooled odds ratio (OR) with its corresponding 95% confidence interval (95%CI) to estimate the association of GSTT1 polymorphism with esophageal cancer risk. Subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses were performed to further identify the association. Meta-analysis of total studies showed the null genotype of GSTT1 was significantly associated with an increased risk of esophageal cancer in Asians (OR=1.26, 95%CI=1.05-1.52, POR=0.015, I2=42.7%). Subgroup analyses by sample size and countries also identified a significant association. Sensitivity analysis further demonstrated a relationship of GSTT1 polymorphism to esophageal cancer risk in Asians. The present meta-analysis of available data showed a significant association between the null genotype of GSTT1 and an increased risk of esophageal cancer in Asians, particularly in China.
Highlights
Esophageal cancer is one the most common cancers and causes a large number of cancer-related deaths in the world (Mao et al, 2011)
Many studies have investigated the association between Glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1) polymorphism and esophageal cancer risk in Asian populations, but its actual impact is not clear owing to apparent inconsistencies among those studies
Meta-analysis of total studies showed the null genotype of GSTT1 was significantly associated with an increased risk of esophageal cancer in Asians (OR=1.26, 95% confidence interval (95%CI)=1.05-1.52, POR=0.015, I2=42.7%)
Summary
Esophageal cancer is one the most common cancers and causes a large number of cancer-related deaths in the world (Mao et al, 2011). Individuals with GSTT1 null genotype are more susceptible to chemical carcinogens and have a higher risk of developing malignant tumors. Recent studies have found that GSTT1 null genotype is strongly associated with susceptibility to a number of cancers, such as colorectal, renal and esophageal cancers (Wang et al, 2003; Xu et al, 2011; Cheng et al, 2012). Many previous studies have been published to estimate the association between GSTT1 polymorphism and esophageal cancer risk, but the available evidence for the genetic association is still weak because of disagreements among studies (Jain et al, 2006; Liu et al, 2010). We presented the results of a meta-analysis of published data investigating the association between GSTT1 polymorphism and esophageal cancer risk to shed some light on these contradictory results
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