Abstract
A review of unusual results of experiments in cosmic rays which cannot be explained in the frame of the existing models of hadron interactions is presented. Requirements to features of a new model which are necessary for explanation of all observed unusual events and phenomena are formulated. A model of hadron interactions with production of QGM blobs with large orbital momentum is considered. Its possibilities for explanation of various unusual events and phenomena are discussed.
Highlights
In collider physics, overwhelming majority of investigations are connected with proton-proton interactions
Numerous experiments with various components of cosmic rays at primary particle energies below 1015 eV gave no deviations from a simple picture of CR energy spectrum (Fig. 1) and mass composition (Table 2)
Most part of physicists agreed with the first possibility taking into account that it is in a good agreement with the Galactic model of cosmic ray origin
Summary
In collider physics, overwhelming majority of investigations (both experimental and theoretical) are connected with proton-proton interactions. In cosmic rays it is impossible to investigate proton-proton interactions since targets in the Earth's atmosphere are the nuclei of nitrogen and oxygen atoms. Measured characteristics of EAS are: number of charged particles in each detector (Nei), number of muons in each muon detector (Nmj), energy deposit of EAS core (ΔEh), cascade curve (C.C., longitudinal profile of EAS development in the atmosphere) and maximum EAS development (Xmax). These experimental values are used for recalculation to primary energy spectrum and composition taking into account the interaction models which were checked at accelerator energies
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