Nucleophilic Substitution of Hydrogen in Aromatic Systems

Abstract

The literature data on the substitution of hydrogen under the influence of nucleophilic agents in aromatic and heteroaromatic systems and in quinones are reviewed. The absence of an ionic stabilisation of the hydrogen substituted with its pair of binding electrons is responsible for the specific nature of the reactions under consideration, which is different from that of the nucleophilic substitution of other species and from that of the electrophilic substitution of hydrogen, necessitating the use of an oxidant in most instances. The bibliography includes 227 references.