Abstract
We have studied the nucleon structure functions $F_{iN}^{EM} (x,Q^2);~i=1,2$, by including contributions due to the higher order perturbative QCD effect up to NNLO and the non-perturbative effects due to the kinematical and dynamical higher twist (HT) effects. The numerical results for $F_{iN}^{EM}(x,Q^2)$ are obtained using Martin, Motylinski, Harland-Lang, Thorne (MMHT) 2014 NLO and NNLO nucleon parton distribution functions (PDFs). The dynamical HT correction has been included following the renormalon approach as well as the phenomenological approach and the kinematical HT effect is incorporated using the works of Schienbein et al. These nucleon structure functions have been used as an input to calculate the nuclear structure functions $F_{iA}^{EM} (x,Q^2)$. In a nucleus, the nuclear corrections arise because of the Fermi motion, binding energy, nucleon correlations, mesonic contribution, shadowing and antishadowing effects. These nuclear corrections are taken into account in the numerical calculations to obtain the nuclear structure functions $F_{iA}^{EM} (x,Q^2)$, for the various nuclear targets like $^{12}C$, $^{27}Al$, $^{56}Fe$, $^{64}Cu$, $^{118}Sn$, $^{197}Au$ and $^{208}Pb$ which are of experimental interest. The effect of isoscalarity correction for nonisoscalar nuclear targets has also been studied. The results for the $F_{iA}^{EM} (x,Q^2)$ are compared with nCTEQ nuclear PDFs parameterization as well as with the experimental results from JLab, SLAC and NMC in the kinematic region of $0.1 \le x \le 0.8$ for several nuclei.
Highlights
A better theoretical understanding of the nuclear medium effects in the deep inelastic scattering (DIS) region in the electromagnetic (EM) and weak interaction induced processes has been emphasized [1,2,3,4,5,6,7] in view of the present experiments being performed on various nuclear targets using an electron beam at JLab [8,9,10,11] and the neutrino/ antineutrino beams at the Fermi lab [12]
For the evolution of parton distribution functions (PDFs) at the next-to-leading order (NLO) and next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) obtained from the leading order (LO), we have followed the works of Vermaseren et al [40] and Moch et al
All the theoretical results presented here are with the target mass correction (TMC) effect [20] which is found to be more pronounced in the region of large x and moderate Q2
Summary
A better theoretical understanding of the nuclear medium effects in the deep inelastic scattering (DIS) region in the electromagnetic (EM) and weak interaction induced processes has been emphasized [1,2,3,4,5,6,7] in view of the present experiments being performed on various nuclear targets using an electron beam at JLab [8,9,10,11] and the neutrino/ antineutrino beams at the Fermi lab [12]. The experimental results of the cross section for DIS processes induced by the charged leptons and the neutrino/antineutrino on the nucleons and the nuclear targets are interpreted in terms of the structure functions. F1Aðx; Q2Þ, F2Aðx; Q2Þ, and FLAðx; Q2Þ, which could modify the CGR in nuclei [8] In view of these experimental results a theoretical study of the nuclear structure functions FiAðx; Q2Þ (i 1⁄4 1, 2, L) for the electromagnetic processes and its effect on RAðx; and CGR nuclear medium in the various regions of x and Q2 is highly desirable. We have studied the W dependence (where W is the center of mass energy of the final hadronic state), of nuclear structure functions This is important to understand the x and Q2 dependence of the structure functions in the transition region from resonance to DIS.
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