Abstract
Nucleobase interactions play a fundamental role in biological functions, including transcription and translation. Natural nucleic acids like DNA are also widely implemented in material realm such as DNA guided self-assembly of nanomaterials. Inspired by that, polymer chemists have contributed phenomenal endeavors to mimic both the structures and functions of natural nucleic acids in synthetic polymers. Similar sequence-dependent responses were observed and employed in the self-assembly of these nucleobase-containing polymers. Here, the structures, synthetic approaches, and applications of nucleobase-containing polymers are highlighted and a brief look is taken at the future development of these polymers.
Highlights
Nucleic acids in nature (DNA/RNA) represent the most powerful biomolecules
With the development of various various polymer sets, especially living polymerization, more and more polymer synthesissynthesis skill sets, skill especially controlled controlled living polymerization, more and more efforts have efforts have been made toward nucleobase-containing polymers synthesis and many of them have been made toward nucleobase-containing polymers synthesis and many of them have been exploited been exploited into self-assembly polymeric structures such as micelles or nanogels based on specific into self-assembly polymeric structures such as micelles or nanogels based on specific nucleobase nucleobase interactions
Since Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP) was independently discovered by Sawamoto and Matyjaszewski et al [45,46] in 1995, by virtue of affording polymers of narrow molecular weight distributions, high molecular weight, and advanced macromolecular architectures, the adenine group of A-C16, the biocomplementary PVBT/A-C16 hierarchical supramolecular it presents a powerful method to prepare a great variety of polymers, including nucleobase-contained complexespolymers
Summary
Nucleic acids in nature (DNA/RNA) represent the most powerful biomolecules. They serve as genetic material by hybridizing to a corresponding complementary strand to perform gene transcription and translation. DNA functionalized particles assemble into unique structures through the hybridization of functionalized DNA strands. This simple interaction enables DNA nanostructures to fold into controlled shapes [5,6], nanoactuators [7,8], nanosensors [9,10,11,12], nanotweezers [13,14], and other nano-devices [15,16,17,18]. We will highlight the recent advances in synthetic nucleobase-containing polymers, from their synthetic methods to their representative applications in materials science
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