Abstract
This article presents an analysis of the future role of nuclear energy in Poland’s path to a low-carbon energy transition. The arguments in favor of implementing nuclear power are to be found on three levels: energy security, economic competitiveness and energy efficiency, and lastly, limited environmental impact. In the process of creating this study, the methodology in the field of security sciences was used, including its interdisciplinary approach. Theoretical methods were used, e.g., critical analysis of scientific sources and comparison of statistical data and empirical methods, e.g., document analysis, comparative analysis. The article is based on an analysis of the literature on the subject, applicable legal acts, and government strategies in the field of energy security. The article contains the results of research no. BS.21.6.13 carried out by a research team from the Pomeranian Academy in Słupsk that allowed to indicate the probable directions of transformation of the energy sector in Poland in the next decade.
Highlights
The main governmental target as envisaged in the Polish nuclear power programme is the construction of nuclear power plants with a total installed capacity of 6–9 GWe based on advanced, but proven, large-scale pressurized water reactors (PWR)
Planning the energy policy should take into account the context of climate change and the tightening regulatory policy in this regard in the world, and in particular in the European Union
The use of fossil fuels to produce electricity increases the emission of greenhouse gases and other harmful substances, negatively affecting climate, and local environment
Summary
With regard to the so-called ‘energy trilemma’, for many decades, Polish energy policy has placed a clear priority on energy security and energy independence over environmentally sensitive production and use of energy [2]. Despite the strong resistance of the energy industry against transition, the Polish energy sector has undergone considerable change over the last couple of years [3]. After more than three decades of transformation, the Polish coal-reliant energy policy gained considerable momentum, in particular due to the decrease in the role of heavy industry [4], as well as the objectives adopted by the European Union within the so-called ‘2020 Climate and Energy Package’ and ‘2030 Climate Target Plan’ [5,6,7]
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