Abstract
We calculate nuclear-polarization energy shifts in muonic ${}^{208}\mathrm{Pb}.$ We employ a relativistic field-theoretical calculation and evaluate the ladder, cross, and seagull terms of the two-photon exchange diagrams in both the Feynman and Coulomb gauges. Gauge independence is very well satisfied with the calculated nuclear-polarization energies. Using these results, we analyze fine-structure splitting energies of muonic ${}^{208}\mathrm{Pb}$ because of the presence of the persisting discrepancies between experiment and calculation. The present nuclear-polarization energies explain about half of the anomaly in the $\ensuremath{\Delta}2p$ fine-structure splitting energy, and only one-fourth of the anomaly in the $\ensuremath{\Delta}3p$ fine-structure splitting energy.
Published Version
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