Abstract
Auger electron emitting radionuclides have potential for the therapy of small-size cancers because of their high level of cytotoxicity, low-energy, high linear energy transfer, and short range biologic effectiveness. Auger emitter 165Er (T1/2 = 10.3 h, IEC = 100%) is a potent nuclide for targeted radionuclide therapy. 165Er excitation function via 165Ho(p,n)165Er, 165Ho(d,2n)165Er, 166Er(p,2n)165Tm→165Er, 166Er(d,3n)165Tm→165Er, natEr(p,xn)165Tm→165Er and 164Er(d,n)165Tm→165Er reactions were calculated by ALICE/91, ALICE/ASH (GDH Model & Hybrid Model) and TALYS-1.2 (Equilibrium & Pre-Equilibrium) codes and compared to existing data. Requisite for optimal thicknesses of targets were obtained by SRIM code for each reaction.
Highlights
The double strand DNA helix presents a diameter of 2 nm
Besides the direct effect of Auger electrons on DNA double strands, an indirect radiation effect of Auger energy deposition will occur via production of radicals [5]
In the calculations of the hybrid and geometry dependent hybrid model (GDH) model, the code ALICE/ASH was used. This code can be applied for the calculation of excitation functions, energy and angular distribution of secondary particles in nuclear reactions induced by nucleons and nuclei with energy up to 300 MeV
Summary
In a typical Auger radiation decay, the highest energy deposition occurs in spheres of 1-2 nm, as described elsewhere [1]. This means that the calculated local energy deposition of an Auger emitter incorporated into DNA would hit both DNA strands with an energy of 1.6 MGy or higher. This radiation energy is largely sufficient to disrupt both DNA strands over distances of several nucleotides [2,3]. Besides the direct effect of Auger electrons on DNA double strands, an indirect radiation effect of Auger energy deposition will occur via production of radicals [5]. Aim of the presented study is to compare the calculated cross sections for the production of 165Er via different reactions with incident particle energy up to 50 MeV as a part of systematic studies on particle-induced activations on metal targets, theoretical calculation of production yield, calculation of target thickness requirement and suggestion for optimum reaction to produce Erbium-165
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