Abstract
Bladder carcinoma is the foremost oncologic problem among males in Egypt. Here, we evaluated the possible diagnostic value of the urinary Nuclear Matrix Protein-22 “NMP-22” and Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase “hTERT” among histological subtypes of bladder cancer. 120 males with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, 21 non malignant bladder conditions and 21 healthy volunteers were included in this study. Estimation of hTERT and NMP-22 was done by PCR-ELISA and ELISA, respectively, from voided urine and results were compared to those of urine cytology. Results showed that urinary hTERT and NMP-22 were significantly higher in all cancer patients compared to control group. NMP-22 was able to discriminate between transitional cell bladder carcinoma “TCC” patients and squamous cell bladder carcinoma “SqCC” ones. Both markers succeded to discriminate between some transitional cell bladder carcinoma grades. Additionally, hTERT discriminated between some Tumor stages in both TCC and SqCC. Our results demonstrated that urinary hTERT and NMP-22 could be efficient urinary markers for the differential diagnosis of bladder cancer.
Highlights
Despite advances in treatment and knowledge of pathogensis, bladder cancer remains significant cause of morbitity and mortality [1]
Concerning age, and using Tukey-Kramer multiple tests, no significant variations were verified comparing each of non maignant bladder cancer, squamous cell bladder carcinoma and transitional cell bladder carcinoma to control group
Our results showed that urinary levels of both hTERT and NMP-22 were significantly higher in both malignant and non malignant groups at p < 0.0001
Summary
Despite advances in treatment and knowledge of pathogensis, bladder cancer remains significant cause of morbitity and mortality [1]. It is foremost oncologic problem among males in Egypt [2]. Bladder cancer patients usually present themselves in an advanced stage of disease with symptoms of cystitis and relatively high recurrence rate [5]. Cystoscopy along with cytology is the mainstay for bladder cancer diagnosis. Cytology is specific but less sensitive in low-grade disease. Cystoscopy on the other hand is invasive, relatively costy and inconclusive in case of cystitis, noninvasive markers for detecting bladder cancer are benificial. Urinary markers should be clinically useful, easy to perform, with minimum requirements for sample preparation, higher sensitivity and specificity [7]
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