Nuclear and mitochondrial genome instability induced by fractions of ethanolic extract from Hovenia dulcis Thunberg in Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains.

Luana B.N De Araújo,Norma Albarello,Claudia R Da Silva,Breno M Nunes,Tatiana C De Castro,Bruna B.F Cal,Flavio J.S Dantas,Álvaro C Leitão,Leticia O Da Cruz,Marcelo De Pádula

doi:10.1590/0001-3765202120191436

Abstract

Hovenia dulcis is a plant commonly used as a pharmaceutical supplement, having displayed important pharmacological properties such antigiardic, antineoplastic and hepatoprotective. The purpose of this work was investigate the cytotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic potential from fractions of Hovenia dulcis ethanolic extract on Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains FF18733 (wild type) and CD138 (ogg1). Ethanolic extract from Hovenia dulcis leaves was fractioned using organic solvents according to increasing polarity: Hexane (1:1), dichlorometane (1:1), ethyl acetate (1:1) and butanol (1:1). Three experimental assays were performed, such as (i) inactivation of cultures; (ii) mutagenesis (canavanine resistance system) and (iii) loss of mitochondrial function (petites colonies). The findings shown a decrease in cell viability in FF18733 and CD138 strains; all fractions of the extract were mutagenic in CD138 strain; only ethyl acetate and butanol fractions increased the rate of petites colonies for CD138 strains. Ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions induces mutagenicity, at the evaluated concentrations, in mitochondrial and genomic DNA in CD138 strain, mediated by oxidative lesions. In conclusion, it is possible to infer that the lesions caused by the extract fractions could be mediated by reactive oxygen species and might reach multiple molecular targets to cause cellular damage.

Highlights

Hovenia dulcis Thunb. is a plant commonly used as a pharmaceutical supplement, having recently been considered as bearing nutraceutical properties (Yang et al 2013, Lim et al 2015, De Biaggi et al 2020)
The results show a significant decrease (**p< 0.01 ***p
There was a significant increase in the mutation rate induced by the fractions only in CD138 strain (*p< 0.05 **p< 0.01 ***p

Summary

Introduction

Hovenia dulcis Thunb. is a plant commonly used as a pharmaceutical supplement, having recently been considered as bearing nutraceutical properties (Yang et al 2013, Lim et al 2015, De Biaggi et al 2020). Seeds, branches, leaves and fruits have exhibited pharmacological effects, such as being antifatigue, antidiabetic, neuroprotective, antigiardia, antineoplastic and hepatoprotective (Na et al 2013, Yang et al 2019, Li et al 2005, Gadelha et al 2005, Castro et al 2002, Dong et al 2018). The compounds isolated from this species includes triterpenes, alkaloids, flavonoids, and triterpenes glycosides, isoled from the roots, barks, leaves, fruits, and seeds of H. dulcis (Kang et al 2017, Xu et al 2003, Park et al 2016a, Ding et al 1997, Yoshikawa et al 1996, 1997). Hovenitin I isolated from the methanolic fraction from a Hoveniae Semen Seu Fructus, showed protective activity on liver injury induced by D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide or carbon tetrachloride in mice (Yoshikawa et al 1997)

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