Abstract

Cisplatin resistance is a challenge in the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer. Here, clinical data showed that the level of netrin-G1 (NTNG1) in cisplatin-resistant cancer was higher than that in cisplatin-sensitive cancer (2.2-fold, p = 0.005); patients with a high NTNG1 level in cancer tissues had shorter progression-free survival (11.0 vs. 25.0 months, p = 0.010) and platinum-free interval (5.0 vs. 20.0 months, p = 0.021) compared with patients with a low level. Category- or stage-adjusted analyses demonstrated that the association between the NTNG1 level and prognosis occurred in type II or FIGO III/IV cancer. The basal level of NTNG1 in SKOV3/DDP cells (a cisplatin-resistant subline) was higher than that in SKOV3 cells; therefore, NTNG1 was overexpressed in SKOV3 cells, or silenced in SKOV3/DDP cells. Knocking in NTNG1 reduced the action of cisplatin to decrease cell death and apoptosis of SKOV3 cells, accompanied by upregulation of p-AXL, p-Akt and RAD51; however, opposite effects were observed in SKOV3/DDP cells after knocking down NTNG1. Co-immunoprecipitation demonstrated that NTNG1 bound GAS6/AXL. Silencing NTNG1 enhanced cisplatin effects in vivo, decreasing tumor volume/mass. These data suggested that a high NTNG1 level can result in cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer cells via the GAS6/AXL/Akt pathway and that NTNG1 may be a useful target to overcome resistance.

Highlights

  • Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy worldwide; epithelial cancer (EOC) accounts for >85% of cases

  • Bioinformatic analyses of the GSE45553 and GSE73935 datasets indicated that NTNG1 was a candidate gene involved in cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer; the Biological General Repository for Interaction Datasets (BioGRID) demonstrated an interaction between NTNG1 and growth arrest-specific 6 (GAS6)

  • Adjusted analyses showed that the correlation between the high NTNG1 level and the poorer prognosis was observed in type II and FIGO III/IV cancers (Supplementary Figure 3)

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Summary

Introduction

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy worldwide; epithelial cancer (EOC) accounts for >85% of cases. The standard treatment for EOC is cytoreductive surgery, followed by cisplatin (CDDP)-based chemotherapy. The 5-year survival rate is

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