NT-proBNP in the Prognosis of Death or Need for Renal Replacement Therapy in Patients with Stage 3–5 Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract

Background: The risk of cardiovascular (CV) complications is much greater in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of this study was to assess predictors of mortality, renal failure progression, and the need for dialysis in patients with CKD. Methods: The study group consisted of 70 patients with stage 3–5 CKD, followed up on average for 33.4 ± 15.6 months. Laboratory tests and echocardiography were performed on all patients. Composite endpoints were defined as (1) all-cause mortality and (2) mortality or renal replacement therapy (RRT), defined as the initiation of dialysis therapy. Results: During the observation period, 13 patients died and 11 began dialysis therapy. NT-proBNP was found to be a significant predictor in receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for all study endpoints. The optimal cutoff value for NT-proBNP as a predictor of mortality was 569.8 pg/mL, with a sensitivity of 53.8% and a specificity of 89.1%. For mortality or RRT, the cutoff value for NT-proBNP was 384.9 pg/mL, with a sensitivity and specificity of 70.8 and 72.7%, respectively. In a multivariate regression analysis, NT-proBNP was an independent predictor of mortality with an OR = 7.5 (95% CI: 1.05–53.87; p = 0.044) and of mortality or RRT with an OR = 4.7 (95% CI: 1.01–22.66; p = 0.048). Conclusions: NT-proBNP is an independent predictor of mortality in patients with CKD and can also be useful for CV risk stratification in this patient population.