Abstract
Nonspecific phospholipase C (NPC) is an emerging class of phospholipases in plants that hydrolyzes primary membrane phospholipids such as phosphatidylcholine to yield sn-1,2-diacylglycerol and a phosphate-containing head group. Unlike the phosphoinositide-specific type of phospholipase C, which is ubiquitous from bacteria to mammals, NPC was known only in bacteria. Analysis of plant genomic sequences has revealed that Arabidopsis and many other plants possess bacterial NPC homologs. Since the first report of an NPC in Arabidopsis in 2005, NPC has been shown to have multiple physiological roles in lipid metabolism or signaling in plants. This chapter summarizes recent advances in NPC studies, focusing on Arabidopsis NPC isoforms and the basic biochemical properties of this enzyme type in different plant species.
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