Abstract
The role of diagonal matrix elements in n–p pairing is investigated. It is found that diagonal matrix elements, calculated with reasonable two-body interactions, explain the Wigner energy and the symmetry energy in a transparent way. It is also found that the diagonal matrix elements explain most of the changes in level density near ground of N=Z odd–odd nuclei as compared to N=Z+2 odd–odd nuclei. In addition, it is found that diagonal matrix elements have a major effect on the excitation energies of particle states relative to hole states in odd–mass nuclides near the N=Z line.
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