Abstract
This paper presents a comparatively experimental study of nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions from an internal combustion engine fed by gasoline available in the Saudi Arabian market rating octane number (RON 91 and RON 95) with admixtures of syngas with 0% E0, 5% E5 and 10% E10—by volume of pure ethanol—and HE5 and HE10 with water concentrations of 5%, 10%, 30% and 40%—by volume of hydrous ethanol—at stoichio-metric mixtures. An on-board plasma system used to produce syngas through the partial oxidation of gasoline with air in a plasma-assisted fuel reformer. The syngas injected in a gasoline engine with a fuel injection system modified for operation with addition of some amount of syngas. The experimental results demonstrated a significant total reduction in NOx emissions and slightly increased in fuel consumption when mixing gasoline (RON 91 and RON 95), ethanol (E5 and E10) and hydrous ethanol (HE5 and HE10) with syngas. For the use of hydrous ethanol (HE5 and HE10) along with the addition of syngas, for both RON 91 and RON 95, the lowest NOx emissions are found 72% with a water concentration of 40%.
Highlights
IntroductionBased on recent research to produce more sustainable fuel for the automotive industry, ethanol is often mixed with gasoline
Strict regulations on environmental protection have attracted researchers to address reductions in emissions from engines such as hydrocarbons HC, nitrogen oxides NOx, carbon dioxide CO2 and carbon monoxide CO
This study investigates the effect of 5 and 10 vol.% anhydrous ethanol-gasoline blended fuel (E5 and E10) and hydrous ethanol-gasoline (HE5 and HE10 with water concentrations = 5%, 10%, 30% and 40%) for two types of fuel: RON91 and RON95 on the emissions content and performance of spark ignition (SI) engine operated at a stoichiometric mixture regime
Summary
Based on recent research to produce more sustainable fuel for the automotive industry, ethanol is often mixed with gasoline. This process becomes more sustainable if hydrous ethanol is used instead of anhydrous ethanol; that energy can be saved [1]. Based on experiments using a fuel mix of ethanol and gasoline, fuel consumption and torque production did not change or increase slightly, and carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions dropped significantly. Bioethanol and ethanol are more interactive than hydrocarbon gasoline These compounds include hydroxyl roots such as carbon bonds and polar fracture, and fuel compounds contain nitrogen
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