Abstract
The automotive industry is responsible for a big part of the pollutant emissions, and the measures that are being taken to reduce these emissions are extremely important. Compared to 1990 emissions of nitrogen oxides from internal combustion engines decreased approximately by 39%, and for PM 2.5 by 37%. Even so, emissions concerns have increased in recent years, so the EU has taken a series of measures to continuously reduce emissions of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide related to transport sector. It is well known that the replacement, even partial, of fossil fuels with alternative fuels has a significant contribution to the decarbonisation of trans-European transport, which reduces the environmental impact of this sector. With a share of around 4.7% of all fuels used in EU transport, biofuels are the main type of alternative fuel. In addition, if produced sustainably, biofuels help reduce emissions of carbon monoxide and solid particles, but at certain operating intervals, the engine can produce more NOx emissions, which is why diesel engines must be equipped with additional NOx emission treatment systems.
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