Abstract
Accurate estimation of friction losses in pipes is an important engineering task. Due to their simplicity, empirical equations are often used for determining pressure drops in pipes. One of the most widely used empirical equations for calculation of pressure drops in straight pipes is Hazen-Williams equation. In this paper, the authors have established a simple method of the inclusion of pipe roughness in Hazen- Williams equation by comparison with a widely accepted Darcy- Weisbach method coupled with Colebrook friction factor formula for developed turbulent flow.
Highlights
INTRODUCTIONFans, blowers and other machinery are dimensioned based on pressure drop calculations
Pressure drop calculation is one of the essential tasks in plant engineering
Colebrook equation Hazen-Williams equation – constant C Hazen-Williams equation – C calculated with eq (6) Hazen-Williams equation – C calculated with eq (7)
Summary
Fans, blowers and other machinery are dimensioned based on pressure drop calculations If these energy losses are underestimated, the plant might not work properly (i.e. not enough fluid will reach the end user). In order to overcome the mathematical complexities, roughness estimates and Reynolds number dependencies, simplified equations are often used These are mainly based on empirical data and provide engineers with directly and obtained solutions. It needs to be stressed that the discussed topic is very elaborate and vast, and that Hazen-Williams equation is merely one of the available equations for calculation of pressure drop in water filled pipelines Other equations, such as previously mentioned Colebrook equation or equations published in various literature sources A comprehensive overview of most commonly used equations for calculation friction factor is given in [7]
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