Novelty on the market, novelty in the environment: The invasion of non-native fish jaguar guapote (Perciformes) in northeastern Brazil

Elton José França,William Severi,Ana Carla Asfora El-Deir,Carolina Alves Collier De Almeida,Rangel Eduardo Santos,André Lincoln Barroso Magalhães,Miguel Santana De Almeida Neto

doi:10.4013/nbc.2017.121.02

Elton José França, William Severi + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.4013/nbc.2017.121.02

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Abstract

In Brazil, more than 150 non-native fish species have been introduced either intentionally or unintentionally, mainly due to aquaculture, fishery improvement and ornamental trade. The non-native jaguar guapote Parachromis managuensis was recorded in two artificial ponds, four rivers, one stream and two reservoirs, ecosystems belonging to the Una, Ipojuca, Capibaribe and Pajeu River basins, Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil. The sampling period was between October 2006 and July 2015. A total of 376 individuals of P. managuensis was captured by seines, casting nets and gillnets. This species may have been introduced in the study sites by accidental release during pond drainage in fish farms, stocking for the purpose of animal protein production or by aquarium dumping. The presence of various ontogenetic life stages in all studied environments is a strong evidence that the species is established. Seven management actions are proposed to prevent further introductions of P. managuensis in other environments of the region.Keywords: exotic, bioinvasion, introduction, aquarism, freshwater fish.

Highlights

Freshwater fish introduction is a major issue for aquatic biodiversity and environmental conservation in continents all over the world, with at least 624 species introduced so far in the six biogeographic realms (Fuller et al, 1999; Toussaint et al, 2016)
A total of 376 individuals of P. managuensis were captured during the 5-year collection period: 14 specimens in Una River basin, 74 in Ipojuca River basin, 232 in Capibaribe River basin, and 56 specimens in Pajeú River basin
In Brazil, fish species introductions have been increasingly reported in the literature in recent years (Orsi and Agostinho, 1999; Alves et al, 2007; Magalhães, 2010; Azevedo-Santos et al, 2015), the actual number of non-native species is supposed to be underestimated (Vitule, 2009; Magalhães and Jacobi, 2010; Azevedo-Santos et al, 2015)

Summary

Introduction

Freshwater fish introduction is a major issue for aquatic biodiversity and environmental conservation in continents all over the world, with at least 624 species introduced so far in the six biogeographic realms (Fuller et al, 1999; Toussaint et al, 2016). Over twenty introduced fish species have been recorded so far, at least eight of them in the state of Pernambuco, including four cichlids: Astronotus ocellatus (Agassiz 1831), Cichla ocellaris Bloch & Schneider 1801, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758) and Parachromis managuensis (Günther 1867) (Barbosa et al, 2006; Leão et al, 2011). The fish fauna of this state comprises about 492 species (Atlas Digital de Peixes de Pernambuco, 2016), 61 of them being freshwater, including native species such as the cichlids Cichlasoma orientale Kullander 1983, Crenicichla brasiliensis (Bloch, 1792) and Crenicichla menezesi Ploeg 1911, considered endemic to northeastern Brazil (Kullander, 1983). The female protects the eggs, and the male protects the nesting site (Gestring and Shafland, 1997)

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