Abstract
This is the first investigation to demonstrate the use of biochemical contents present within Cyperus rotundus, Eleusin indica, Euphorbia hirta, Melastoma malabathricum, Clidemia hirta and Pachyrhizus erosus extracts for the reduction of silver ion to silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) form. In addition, the antibacterial capability of the synthesized AgNPs and plant extracts alone against a rare bacterium, Chromobacterium haemolyticum (C. haemolyticum), was examined. Moreover, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICPOES) of the synthesized AgNPs were characterized. The smallest AgNPs can be produced when Cyperus rotundus extracts were utilized. In addition, this study has found that the synthesis efficiencies using all plant extracts are in the range of 72% to 91% with the highest percentage achieved when Eleusin indica extract was employed. All synthesized AgNPs have antibacterial capability against all examined bacteria depending on their size and bacteria types. Interestingly, Melastoma malabathricum and Clidemia hirta extracts have demonstrated an antibacterial ability against C. haemolyticum.
Highlights
The rapid expanding of works carrying the theme of nanomaterials in the past several years is widely evidenced in the literature [1]
ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis) spectroscopy monitors the absorption in the ultraviolet-visible spectral region and is commonly used to characterize plasmonic properties of synthesized nanoparticles
Uniform spherical AgNPs can UV-vis spectroscopy monitors the absorption in the ultraviolet-visible spectral region and is be associated with aused single peak in theplasmonic
Summary
The rapid expanding of works carrying the theme of nanomaterials in the past several years is widely evidenced in the literature [1]. Since it is well-recognized that nanomaterials possess extraordinary features in terms of physical, chemical and biological compared to their larger form, they have been hugely explored for characterization and application. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been extensively investigated because of their appealing properties [7]. AgNPs have been utilized for various applications such as electronics, sensors and recently widely explored for medical devices
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