Abstract

ACUTE RENAL failure (ARF) has moved to center stage as one of the major renal diseases where there is excellent opportunity and momentum for improved patient care. The high incidence and high mortality rate associated with native kidney ARF remains unchanged, and transplant kidney ARF (“delayed graft function”) is increasing with expanded criteria donors. A major hurdle to designing intervention trials in ARF is the lack of sensitive and specific early diagnostic markers. Ideally, such a marker should differentiate intrinsic ARF (acute tubular necrosis [ATN]) from prerenal ARF, postrenal ARF, and acute glomerulonephritis.

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