Abstract
A double ultrasonic source has been shown to dramatically increase dispersion efficiency of carbon nanotubes. Thermal measurements of dispersing fluid only show temperature rises commensurate with the power levels of the two ultrasonic sources; which is validated by predictions of statistical energy analysis (SEA) based on wave superposition principles. In this paper, nonlinear wave resonance concepts have been proposed to contain explanations for the dramatic increase in dispersion performance, and more specifically, the effect of intermittency chaos. Such a hypothesis was made because of the similarity between the pressure wave pattern in the double sonication system and sliding charge density wave with an A.C. electric field, which was cited to exhibit intermittency behavior.
Highlights
Dispersion of nanoscale materials, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), has become dependent on ultrasonic methods
With a novel double sonicator ultrasonic dispersion system, dispersion time was reduced to 1-2 30-min batches, which is believed to generate intermittency motion within the fluid system that seem to travel across the fluid as solitary waves
We investigate the root causes of accelerated dispersion as observed in preliminary experiments involving CNTs, which we believe is based on intermittency chaos
Summary
Dispersion of nanoscale materials, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), has become dependent on ultrasonic methods. With a novel double sonicator ultrasonic dispersion system, dispersion time was reduced to 1-2 30-min batches, which is believed to generate intermittency motion within the fluid system that seem to travel across the fluid as solitary waves (or solitons). The use of the double-sonicator system is advantageous in cutting down the processing time. It allows the use of a sonicating probe into the water bath, instead of immersing it in the fluid where the SWCNT is being dispersed; reducing the likelihood of breakage of CNT fibers. We investigate the root causes of accelerated dispersion as observed in preliminary experiments involving CNTs, which we believe is based on intermittency chaos
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