Novel ultrasensitive non-enzymatic glucose sensors based on controlled flower-like CuO hierarchical films

Abstract

In this work, a series of novel non-enzymatic glucose sensors were developed based on three types of tailored flower-like (chrysanthemum-like, candock-like, and dandelion-like) CuO micro/nanostructures grown on Cu foils. The as-fabricated CuO hierarchical films were directly integrated to be structured electrodes. The results showed that the structured CuO film electrodes exhibited enhanced electrochemical properties and electrocatalytic performance toward the oxidation of glucose with remarkably high sensitivities (3252μAmM−1cm−2 for chrysanthemum-like CuO, 4078μAmM−1cm−2 for candock-like one, and 5368μAmM−1cm−2 for dandelion-like one), which are much better than some reports in the literature. The as-fabricated non-enzymatic glucose sensors presented good anti-interference property in the presence of dopamine, ascorbic acid, uric acid, and other carbohydrate compounds and long-term stability. In addition, the CuO film electrode was also used to analyze glucose concentration in human serum samples. The excellent electrocatalytic performance toward glucose oxidation can be attributed to the combination of more electron transfer passages, lower charge transfer resistance, and more accessibility to reaction sites originating from high-density nanoscale “petal-like” building units with large surface-to-volume ratio and high surface area, as well as strong immobilization of hierarchical CuO micro/nanostructures on the substrate.