Novel Techniques in the Production of Industrially Imperative Products

Sameera V

doi:10.4172/1948-5948.r1-003

Abstract

The products which are being developed by the biotechnology industry have huge implications for our future health and well-being. All these discoveries in current biotechnical research and its applications will have repercussions within the human history. In recent years, microbial fermentations have been revolutionized by the application of genetically-engineered microorganisms. Economic importance of bacteria describes mainly from the fact that they are extensively exploited by humans in a number of beneficial ways. Fermentation is one such phenomenon in which micro organisms like bacteria, fungi, algae, etc are utilized for production of novel products. Industries like, diary, food, textile, baking etc are most benefited by these fermented products. Present article mainly focuses on the recent techniques which are involved in enhanced production of imperative products like lactic acid, cellulase, Human interferon α, and exopolysaccharide, and advantages of fermentation technology

Highlights

Microorganisms are capable of growing on a wide range of substrates and can produce a remarkable spectrum of products
The relatively recent advent of in vitro genetic manipulation has extended the range of products that may be produced by microorganisms and has provided new methods for increasing the yields of existing ones
Exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are of importance to the food industry since they can improve the texture of yoghurts, lower the risk of syneresis and improve yields in cheeses

Summary

Introduction

Microorganisms are capable of growing on a wide range of substrates and can produce a remarkable spectrum of products. A widely recognized heuristic for categorizing downstream processing operations divides them into four groups which are applied in order to bring a product from its natural state as a component of a tissue, cell or fermentation broth through progressive improvements in purity and concentration [6] (Figure 3). Primary metabolic pathways converge into few end products while secondary metabolic pathways diverge into many products Some of these metabolites which are industrially important can be produced by fermentation [11]. In the process of fermentation, selection of strains for the commercial production of specific enzymes is carried out, which have the capacity for producing highest amounts of the enzymes desired. Products produced in such genetically manipulated organisms include interferon, insulin [19], human serum albumin, factor VIII and factor IX, epidermal growth factor, bovine somatostatin and bovine chymosin. We are going to discuss the fermentation of a range of products which comprise of the following

Recombinant protein production

Conclusion