Novel techniques for the management of esophageal anastomotic leaks

Abstract

Anastomotic leaks (ALs) after esophageal resection remain a dreaded complication and are associated with high morbidity and mortality, along with an increased cost of care and prolonged hospitalization. Management strategies include confirming conduit viability, controlling sepsis with drainage/antibiotics, and maintaining nutrition. Traditional treatment of ALs has given way to nonoperative management including endoscopic and radiological techniques, which are associated with decreased morbidity. This article aims to review novel technologies and techniques for the management of esophageal ALs, including self-expandable metal stents, endoluminal vacuum therapy, leak content drainage, and radiology-guided drain placement.