Abstract
Gastrodia elata Blume (G. elata), a traditional Chinese medicine, is widely used for treatment of various neuro dysfunctions. However, its quality control is still limited to the determination of gastrodin. In the present study, two novel strategies based on quantitative evaluation of total gastrodin and gastrodigenin with base hydrolysis and total gastrodigenin with base-enzymatic hydrolysis followed by HPLC-FLD were put forward and successfully applied to evaluate the quality of 47 batches of G. elata from eight localities. Meanwhile, a systematic comparison of the novel strategy with the multiple markers and the Pharmacopeia method was performed. The results showed that the parishins category could be completely hydrolyzed to gastrodin by sodium hydroxide solution, and gastrodin could further utterly hydrolyze to gastrodigenin with β-d-glucosidase buffer solution. The contents of total gastrodin and gastrodigenin ranged from 1.311% to 2.034%, and total gastrodigenin from 0.748% to 1.120% at the eight localities. From the comparison, we can conclude that the two novel strategies can comprehensively reveal the characteristics of overall active ingredients in G. elata for quality control. The present study provides a feasible and credible strategy for the quality control of G. elata, suggesting a revision of the latest Chinese Pharmacopoeia or European Pharmacopoeia methods for the modernization of G. elata use.
Highlights
Gastrodia elata Blume (G. elata), the tuber of the orchid, is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)extensively used against convulsions, vertigo, paralysis, epilepsy, tetanus, asthma and immune dysfunctions [1,2,3,4,5,6]
TCMs contain a large number of ingredients, many of which exert favorable pharmacological activity [14,15]
In the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 version), HBA was added as another marker, that is, the GAS and HBA both control the quality of G. elata
Summary
Gastrodia elata Blume (G. elata), the tuber of the orchid, is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)extensively used against convulsions, vertigo, paralysis, epilepsy, tetanus, asthma and immune dysfunctions [1,2,3,4,5,6]. Gastrodin (GAS) is widely considered as the main and bioactive ingredient in G. elata for its sedative, anticonvulsive and neuroprotective effects [7,8,9,10]. A large number of studies on the pharmacokinetics, and pharmacological studies of GAS have been carried out [11,12,13]. TCMs contain a large number of ingredients, many of which exert favorable pharmacological activity [14,15]. The use of GAS as the single marker is not enough for the quality control of G. elata. In the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 version), HBA was added as another marker, that is, the GAS and HBA both control the quality of G. elata.
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