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Abstract
125I seeds coated with titanium are considered a safe and effective interstitial brachytherapy for tumors, while the cost of 125I seeds is a major problem for the patients implanting lots of seeds. The aim of this paper was to develop a novel silicone coating for 125I seeds with a lower cost. In order to show the radionuclide utilization ratio, the silicone was coated onto the seeds using the electro-spinning method and the radioactivity was evaluated, then the anti-tumor efficacy of silicone 125I seeds was compared with titanium 125I seeds. The seeds were divided into four groups: A (control), B (pure silicone), C (silicone 125I), D (titanium 125I) at 2 Gy or 4 Gy. Their anti-tumour activity and mechanism were assessed in vitro and in vivo using a human extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cell line FRH-0201 and tumor-bearing BALB/c nude mice. The silicone 125I seeds showed higher radioactivity; the rate of cell apoptosis in vitro and the histopathology in vivo demonstrated that the silicone 125I seeds shared similar anti-tumor efficacy with the titanium 125I seeds for the treatment of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, while they have a much lower cost.
Highlights
Worldwide, cholangicarcinoma(CC) is the second commonest primary liver cancer after hepatocellular carcinoma, and accounts for 15% of all primary hepatic malignancies[1,2]
I seeds coated with titanium are considered a safe and effective interstitial brachytherapy for tumors, while the cost of 125I seeds is a major problem for the patients implanting lots of seeds
Our study demonstrated that novel silicone 125I seeds inhibit extrahepatic CC with a similar efficacy as that achieved with titanium 125I seeds
Summary
Cholangicarcinoma(CC) is the second commonest primary liver cancer after hepatocellular carcinoma, and accounts for 15% of all primary hepatic malignancies[1,2]. With the incidence and mortality rates risen in extrahepatic CC (including perihilar cholangicarcinoma), the diagnosis rates for CC have risen steeply and steadily across the world over the past few decades. The only curative therapeutic option in extrahepatic CC is resection. The insertion of biliary stents has been widely accepted as a mainly palliative procedure for the improvement of biliary drainage[5,6,7,8,9]; the prognosis remains poor, with complex hilar lesions conferring a median patient survival of less than 6 months[10,11]. Since the cause of death in extrahepatic CC is commonly due to recurrent biliary obstruction and intrabiliary sepsis, key issues are controlling local disease and optimizing biliary drainage[1].
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