Abstract
ABSTRACT The detection and identification of single molecules represent one of the ultimate goals of analytical chemistry. We have designed, developed and tested a new family of photodetectors with Internal Discrete Amplification (IDA) mechanism. These photodetectors can operate in linear (analog) detection mode with gain-bandwidth product up to 5.10 14 and one- or few-photon sensitivity, as well as in the photon counting mode with count rates up to 10 8 cps. Their key performance characteristics exceed those of photomultiplier tube (PMT) and avalanche photodiode (APD) devices. The measured parameters of the detectors are: gain > 10 5 , excess noise factor as low as 1.02, maximum count rate > 10 8 counts/s, and rise/fall time < 300 ps. The new family of the photo detectors may become an ideal solution for the problems of ultrasensitive and single-molecule detection by fl uorescence spectroscopy an d other optical methods. Keywords: Ultrasensitive and Single-Molecule Detection, internal discrete amplification, photodetector, APD, PMT, photon counting, amplification gain, excess noise, DAD.
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