Abstract
BackgroundOmega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) have been shown to alleviate the symptoms of metabolic disorders, such as heart disease, diabetes, obesity and insulin resistance. Several putative mechanisms by which n-3 PUFA elicit beneficial health effects have been proposed; however, there is still a shortage of knowledge on the proteins and pathways that are regulated by n-3 PUFA.MethodsUsing two dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis, we investigated the effects of diets high or low in n-3 PUFA on hepatic proteomic profile of C57BL/6 mice.ResultsThe findings show for the first time that high dietary n-3 PUFA reduced the expression of regucalcin, adenosine kinase and aldehyde dehydrogenase. On the other hand, diets high in n-3 PUFA increased the expression of apolipoprotein A-I, S-adenosylmethionine synthase, fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase, ketohexokinase, malate dehydrogenase, GTP-specific succinyl CoA synthase, ornithine aminotransferase and protein disulfide isomerase-A3.ConclusionsOur findings revealed for the first time that n-3 PUFA causes alterations in several novel functional proteins involved in regulating lipid, carbohydrate, one-carbon, citric acid cycle and protein metabolism, suggesting integrated regulation of metabolic pathways. These novel proteins are potential targets to develop therapeutic strategies against metabolic disorders.
Highlights
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) have been shown to alleviate the symptoms of metabolic disorders, such as heart disease, diabetes, obesity and insulin resistance
Our findings show for the first time that dietary n-3 PUFA reduced the expression of regucalcin, a key molecule involved in metabolic disorders including diabetes and lipid metabolism
Expressed proteins in females fed high or low n-3 PUFA were grouped according to their metabolic functions in the following pathways: lipid metabolism, one-carbon metabolism, carbohydrate, citric acid cycle and protein synthesis
Summary
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) have been shown to alleviate the symptoms of metabolic disorders, such as heart disease, diabetes, obesity and insulin resistance. Several putative mechanisms by which n-3 PUFA elicit beneficial health effects have been proposed; there is still a shortage of knowledge on the proteins and pathways that are regulated by n-3 PUFA. The importance of nutrients, especially omega (n)-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), in the aetiology of chronic diseases has gained a lot of attention [2,3,4]. The cardio-protective effects of n-3 PUFA are the most characterized; n-3 PUFA improve cardiovascular health mainly by reducing plasma triglyceride (TG) levels [9], resolving the symptoms of arrhythmia [10] and inflammation [11]. The American Heart Association has recommended 1,000 mg/d for treatment of
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