Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) involves activation of targeted brain tissue through implantable electrodes to treat neurological disorders. In this study, two novel electrode designs, recessed flat-contact and recessed curvature-contact models were developed where the electrode contacts were recessed to a specified depth to improve directional selectivity. Furthermore, the contact geometry was also modified for the recessed curvature-contact model in order to obtain a hemispherical configuration that will help increase current steering and reduce the propensity of tissue damage. The predicted tissue damage produced by these models were compared to the standard array model using the Shannon tissue damage model criteria. Furthermore, the volume of tissue activated by each of the electrode models was analyzed, and the radial projection relative to the total projection of each geometry was determined as a measure of directional selectivity. Based on the trends observed in the current density, tissue damage, and volume of tissue activated (VTA) analyses, it is inferred that the recessed contact electrode geometries help improve directional selectivity and safety of DBS.
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