Abstract
Decorating photocatalysts with noble metal nanoparticles (e.g., Pt) often increases the catalysts’ photocatalytic activity and biomedical properties. Here, a simple and inexpensive method has been developed to prepare a Pt-Ag3PO4/CdS/chitosan composite, which was characterized and used for the visible light-induced photocatalytic and antibacterial studies. This synthesized composite showed superior photocatalytic activity for methylene blue degradation as a hazardous pollutant (the maximum dye degradation was observed in 90 min of treatment) and killing of Gram positive bacterial (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus) as well as Gram negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) under visible light irradiation. The antibacterial activity of CdS, CdS/Ag3PO4, and Pt-Ag3PO4/CdS/chitosan against E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus showed the zone of inhibition (mm) under visible light and under dark conditions at a concentration of 20 µg mL−1. Furthermore, the cell viability of the CdS/chitosan, Ag3PO4, Ag3PO4/CdS/chitosan, and Pt-Ag3PO4/CdS/chitosan were investigated on the human embryonic kidney 293 cells (HEK-293), Henrietta Lacks (HeLa), human liver cancer cell line (HepG2), and pheochromocytoma (PC12) cell lines. In addition, the results indicated that the photodegradation rate for Pt-Ag3PO4/CdS/chitosan is 3.53 times higher than that of CdS and 1.73 times higher than that of the CdS/Ag3PO4 composite. Moreover, Pt-Ag3PO4/CdS/chitosan with an optimal amount of CdS killed large areas of different bacteria and different cells separately in a shorter time period under visible-light irradiation, which shows significantly higher efficiency than pure CdS and other CdS/Ag3PO4 composites. The superb performances of this composite are attributed to its privileged properties, such as retarded recombination of photoinduced electron/hole pairs and a large specific surface area, making Pt-Ag3PO4/CdS/chitosan a valuable composite that can be deployed for a range of important applications, such as visible light-induced photocatalysis and antibacterial activity.
Highlights
Scientists have lately focused on antibacterial finishing on different types of textile materials because of their importance in environmental pollutions
The Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) result showed that the loading of Pt was 1.19% w/w Pt
As observed in the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum of Pt-Ag3PO4/Cadmium sulfide (CdS)/chitosan nanocomposite, the peak of O-H and N-H stretching vibration at 3425 cm−1 in spectrum of chitosan shifted to 3398 cm−1, and the peaks of –NH2 and –OH at 1602 cm−1 and 1421 cm−1 moved to 1574 cm−1 and 1404 cm−1, respectively
Summary
Scientists have lately focused on antibacterial finishing on different types of textile materials because of their importance in environmental pollutions. In this case, using nanomaterials with improved antibacterial and cellular properties has been raised. There are several potentially toxic and often drug-resistant microorganisms in the environment. Several strains of Escherichia coli, including problematic strains that are resistant to known drugs, are found in the water [11,12]. Other microorganisms such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhimurium were found in the river and coastal waters. Immediate steps need to be taken for the development of highly active dual-functional nanomaterials with the potential of working as an antibacterial agent as well as pollutant adsorbents [13]
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