Abstract
BackgroundIt has become increasingly clear that symbionts have crucial evolutionary and ecological ramifications for their host arthropods. However, little is known whether these symbiont infections influence the proteome and lysine acetylome of their host arthropods. Here we performed experiments to investigate the proteomes and acetylomes of Cardinium-infected (C*+) and -uninfected (C−) Bemisia tabaci Q with identical backgrounds, through the combination of affinity enrichment and high-resolution LC-MS/MS analysis.ResultsOf the 3353 proteins whose levels were quantitated in proteome, a total of 146 proteins dividing into 77 up-regulated and 69 down-regulated proteins were discovered to be differentially expressed as having at least a 1.2-fold change when C*+ strain was compared with C− strain. Furthermore, a total of 528 lysine acetylation sites in 283 protein groups were identified, among which 356 sites in 202 proteins were quantified. The comparison of acetylomes revealed 30 sites in 26 lysine acetylation proteins (Kac) were quantified as up-regulated targets and 35 sites in 29 Kac proteins were quantified as down-regulated targets. Functional analysis showed that these differentially expressed proteins and Kac proteins were mainly involved in diverse physiological processes related to development, immune responses and energy metabolism, such as retinol metabolism, methane metabolism and fatty acid degradation. Notably, protein interaction network analyses demonstrated widespread interactions modulated by protein acetylation.ConclusionHere we show the proteome and acetylom of B. tabaci Q in response to the symbiont Cardinium infection. This is the first study to utilize the tool of acetylome analysis for revealing physiological responses of arthropods to its symbiont infection, which will provide an important resource for exploring the arthropod-symbiont interaction.
Highlights
It has become increasingly clear that symbionts have crucial evolutionary and ecological ramifications for their host arthropods
Subcellular localization of differently expressed proteins Bioinformatics analysis on Gene Ontology (GO) and subcellular locations of the differentially expressed proteins in C*+ strain compared to C− strain were carried out
The results showed that methane metabolism, calcium signaling pathway, carbon fixation pathways in prokaryotes and cGMP-PKG signaling pathway were mostly enriched for up-regulated Acetylated lysine (Kac) proteins
Summary
It has become increasingly clear that symbionts have crucial evolutionary and ecological ramifications for their host arthropods. Little is known whether these symbiont infections influence the proteome and lysine acetylome of their host arthropods. We performed experiments to investigate the proteomes and acetylomes of Cardinium-infected (C*+) and -uninfected (C−) Bemisia tabaci Q with identical backgrounds, through the combination of affinity enrichment and high-resolution LC-MS/MS analysis. Symbiotic bacteria (symbionts) and insects commonly form intimate associations, and result from co-evolution and strictly vertical transmission. Many of these symbionts are mainly defined two categories: primary symbionts and facultative ones [1]. Our long-term field research has previously demonstrated that the infection ratio of Cardinium in B. tabaci Q remains low (12.2%) in Shandong
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